Lesson 1 Effect of Exercise on Body System (Class 10th Health and Physical Education) English Medium

 

Lesson 1 Effects of Exercise on Body Systems

Inventory question

1. The human body is a complex...............?

Answer: Machine

2. What is the best food for humans?

Answer: Balanced diet

3. 50 percent of the total weight of the human body is our muscles?

(True/False)

Answer: False

4. How many muscles are there in our body?

 (a) More than 650    (b) 660

(C) 550                       (d) 60

Answer: (a) More than 650

Short answer questions

5. Write the names of circulatory system?

 Heart, Arteries, Veins, Capillaries And blood are the main parts of the circulatory system.

6. How many types of muscles are there?

Answer: According to the function of the muscles they are divided into three categories. Voluntary Muscles, Involuntary Muscles and Cardiac Muscles:-

(i) Voluntary Muscles: These types of muscles are attached to our bones which help our body to move. These muscles are completely under our control and we can use them as per our will like leg and arm muscles.

(ii) Involuntary Muscles: These types of muscles are not under human control and these muscles do not work according to our will. There are these types of muscles in our body in the food pipe lungs, blood vessels etc.

(iii) Cardiac Muscles: These muscles are present in our body only in the heart. These muscles are similar in structure to some voluntary muscles, but their functions are similar to those of involuntary muscles. Humans have no control over these muscles and they work continuously from birth to death. 

7. Explain about Vital Capacity?

Answer: Increase in Vital Capacity: After a deep breath,

The process of forcing air out of the lungs is called 'vital capacity'

goes Vital capacity is measured with a device called a spirometer.

Exercising increases a person's vital capacity.

Question with long answer 

8 What is the respiratory system? Information on the effect of exercise on the respiratory system Give?

Answer: This process of getting oxygen and exhaling carbon dioxide goes on continuously and these processes are called respiration. The respiratory system consists of the following organs-

* Nose

* Pharynx

* Morning Instrument (Larynx)

* Trachea

* Air channels (Bronchial Tubes)

* Lungs

Diaphraem

Effects of Exercise on Respiratory System

 (1) Increase in Vital Capacity: After a deep breath, the process of expelling the air from the lungs with full force is called 'Vital Capacity'. Vital capacity is measured with a device called a spirometer. Exercising increases a person's vital capacity. A normal person has this capacity of 3-4 liters. While the capacity of a person exercising can be 4-5 litre. A normal person has this capacity of 3-4 liters. While the capacity of a person exercising can be 4-5 liters. With the increase in Vital Capacity, more carbon dioxide and unnecessary gases are emitted from the body.

(2) Increase in lung capacity (Increase in lung capacity): Daily exercise increases the size of our lungs, with which we can carry more oxygen in the lungs in one breath. Due to the higher level of oxygen in the body of an exerciser, he is more agile and agile than a normal person.

(3) Change in Respiratory Rate: In a state of rest, a person breathes at a rate of 16-18 per minute, while during exercise, the breathing rate reaches 50-60 per minute so that the body To supply the required amount of oxygen and remove the rapidly forming carbon dioxide from the body. Exercising increases the lung capacity of a person. In a normal state, an athlete or an exerciser has a lower respiratory rate than a normal person, but has the ability to carry more oxygen into the body even after taking fewer breaths.

(4) Strengthening the muscles (Strengthening Respiratory Muscles): By doing daily exercise, the muscles related to breathing such as the intercostal muscles and the diaphragm become stronger. During breathing, the diaphragm helps the lungs to expand more so that more oxygen enters the lungs. Increasing the level of oxygen in the lungs increases the rate of oxygenation of the blood. The increase in the speed of blood purification is high due to which the level of hemoglobin in the blood also increases.

(5) Avoids second wind: When a new player starts playing, after some time after starting the game, he starts to feel tired and has trouble breathing, his mind is to stop playing. does This state of the body is called second wind. As the game continues, this condition gradually goes away and the player starts playing normally. With daily practice, an experienced player easily overcomes the condition of second breath. In this way the endurance of the player increases and he can continue the game for a long time without getting tired.

9. Briefly describe heart and also write about arteries, veins and cells?

Answer:  Heart: The heart is the most important organ of the circulatory system which is located between the two lungs slightly inclined to the left side. The heart pumps blood through our body by beating continuously in a rhythmic manner. The main function of the heart is to receive pure blood i.e. oxygenated blood from the lungs and deliver it to different parts of the body and bring the carbon-dioxide blood present in the body back to the lungs for purification.

The heart is divided into four parts, in which the upper two chambers are called the auricles and the lower two parts are called the ventricles. When the heart beats, both the auricles contract together, then both the ventricles expand, and when both the ventricles contract, both the auricles expand. This process of heartbeat continues. First, from different parts of the body. Impure blood enters the right auricle of the heart through the veins. When the right auricle contracts, the impure blood in it reaches the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve located in the right auricle and the right ventricle. When the ventricles contract, the tricuspid valve closes to prevent blood from flowing back into the right atrium. Now the blood has only one way out and the blood leaves the heart through the pulmonary artery. This pulmonary artery is further divided into two parts which carry the impure blood from the heart to the right and left lungs for purification. In the lungs, carbon dioxide is removed from the contaminated blood and oxygen is added. By which this impure blood becomes pure. Purified blood enters the left auricle of the heart through the pulmonary veins. When the left auricle contracts, pure blood reaches the left ventricle through the bicuspid valve present in the left auricle and the left ventricle. The left ventricle is the fourth and last chamber of the heart, when it contracts, the blood exits the heart through the Aorta Artery and reaches the various organs of the body. In this way, this process of heartbeat continues continuously and the heart continues to clean the impure blood and deliver it to the body parts.

Arteries: Arteries carry blood from the heart to the body and only these arteries contain blood. Only the pulmonary artery has fresh blood.

Veins: Veins carry blood from the body to the heart. Except pulmonary veins, all veins contain impure blood.

Capillaries: Our body has a network of very fine cells. These cells carry clean blood through the arteries to every cell in the body

   

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